TOA - based Passive Position Estimation by Considering Time Offset ⋆

When there is time offset, a passive position estimation method is put forward for TOA-based sinal travel model from transmitter to receivers via target. By transforming the positioning model to linear equations which can be directly represented as algebraic solutions of target positions, the initial solution of target position is obtained by introducing the extra variables. Then the localization refinement is put forward to improve the performance. The simulations are conducted to test the impacts of noises on the localization accuracy. The results show that the performance of localization refinement can approximately attain the Cramr-Rao lower bound of target position.